A mock exercise tests whether a plan works before a real emergency does. It shows gaps in communication, roles and equipment while the cost of finding them is still small. The NDMA itself uses table-top and mock exercises to test preparedness and fix gaps.
Types of exercise
Table-top
A facilitated group discussion around a scenario. Low stress, low cost, ideal for a first step and for testing plans on paper.
Drill
A supervised practice of one specific task, such as evacuating a building or using a fire extinguisher.
Functional
A realistic, time-driven exercise of coordination and command, without deploying full field resources.
Full-scale
The closest to real life: multiple teams, simulated casualties and equipment in the field. Most complex and resource-heavy.
How a mock exercise is run
- Set the objective: what must be tested, and who takes part
- Write a realistic scenario, for example an earthquake at 11 am or a fire on the third floor
- Brief the participants, observers and safety officers
- Run the exercise with observers noting what works and what does not
- Hold a debrief straight afterwards while memories are fresh
- Write an action list with owners and dates, then repeat the drill
Common scenarios
- Fire and building evacuation
- Earthquake: Drop, Cover, Hold On and assembly
- Flood or cyclone warning and evacuation
- Medical emergency and mass casualty response
Sources: NDMA training material on table-top and mock exercises; standard exercise design practice (WHO, FEMA)